A SUMMER OF RED LOBELIA

A TWO MONTH LONG TIME-LAPSE VIDEO PROJECT HAS BEEN COMPLETED. TWO MONTHS OF LOBELIA CARDINALIS GROWING AND BLOOMING CONDENSED DOWN TO THREE MINUTES.

The Red Lobelia (Lobelia cardinalis) is eye-catching when in flower. It has a red color that is unique to this plant and to see one in person blooming is to fully appreciate this red. While red is often associated with apples, blood, cherries, roses and bricks, the color is often selected to accentuate a room, such as red velvet curtains or used on a home as an accent, such as the color of the shutters.

The Red lobelia accents the Mid to Late Summer  season in many gardens, wetlands and river’s edges.

Red Lobelia in our Garden, www.thesanguineroot.com
Red Lobelia in our Garden, www.thesanguineroot.com

The Lobelia cardinalis pictured above is one of many plants with red blooms, fruits and even roots that we encounter throughout the year. Each plant has a unique red that distinguishes it from the others, furthering the sense of place and time we find it in.

The red of the shrub Hearts-A-Bustin’ in the fruits of Early Fall in Philadelphia, the plant growing on a distinctive hillside, along the Wissahickon Creek.

The Red of Bee-Balm, bursting forth in our gardens in Early Summer. In Mid-Spring, the red of the elegant Honeysuckle vine, Lonicera sempervirens graces the fresh springtime landscape of Morris Park.

Our Garden Tomatoes are the red we associate with the ripening of summer and its continuation into the fall, a long-lasting flavorful red of salads and sauce.

There is the red of the Campsis radicans vine, the Trumpet vine, with its long tubular flowers in Mid-Summer, each one lasting only just one day, often a day with Ruby-throated hummingbirds burying their long beaks into the flower .

At Bowmans Hill Wildflower Preserve, www.thesanguineroot.com
At Bowmans Hill Wildflower Preserve, www.thesanguineroot.com

The red feathers on the neck of the Male hummingbird signal for us the height of Springtime, when this bird visits the blooming Lonicera sempervirens honeysuckle just outside our window for the first time, after its 1000+ mile long flight from its winter residence. The Honeysuckle covers the ugly chainlink fence and the fence supports the honeysuckle which in turns supports the Ruby -throated hummingbird dependent on its nectar. We decided to build further upon this ecosystem and grow the Lobelia cardinalis, Red Lobelia to complement the other red hummingbird associated plants in our yard, such as the aforementioned Bee-Balm Monarda didyma, and the Trumpet Honeysuckle Campsis radicans.  The Hummingbird has great taste in its host plants, because these bright red tubular plants are very attractive in the garden and on trellises and fences. These red blooming plants peak at different times throughout mid to late spring, early to mid summer and into the fall, with their blooms conveniently overlapping, each one having its own time signature, identifying and clarifying the nuances of the seasonal progression. By the time The Red Lobelia blooms, we know it is the beginning of the end of summer, the last third, and when the blooms have ceased after almost a month of activity, the Hummingbirds will  soon depart on their long journey south.

The plant spends most of the summer growing taller and and taller, an easily overlooked specimen to the casual observer, behaving as a goldenrod or a sunflower as summer chimes away, just a green stick with leaves, one of many. Then, a thickening occurs at the top of the plant, and it becomes obvious that something is a-do, in our area, by late July. The red flowers begin to emerge, a few at a time, bursting forth.  The flower-spike grows upward, flowering at the top and going to seed at the bottom for weeks at a time. It becomes a hummingbird watering-hole, with a constant visitation all day long. When the plant is all done it begins to flop over by its own weight, signaling the end of Summer.

www.thesanguineroot.com
www.thesanguineroot.com

The conditions became ripe for a full documentation of the Red Lobelia experience, including a Time-Lapse video showing the plant growing, flowering and collapsing under its own weight, all done over a two month span. The plant being just a few feet from a window, allowed for an Ipod Touch to be set up on a tripod, to be used as a dedicated, in place camera, taking a picture every 15 minutes for five weeks and then every 1/2 hour for the next three weeks, from July 6th to September 5th, 2013, using the O-Snap app.  Birds singing in Morris Park, just feet away, were recorded on The Iphone.

We were able to condense this two month growing and blooming period into a three minute movie. At one point the plant actually started growing out of the picture, so we had to move the camera up a bit!  You will see this moment when you watch the movie, which is coming right up at the end of this post.

The movie does not show the hummingbirds, unfortunately, however we captured them on the Lobelia in a series of stills, two of which we will share with you:

Hummingbird in our garden,www.thesanguineroot.com
Hummingbird in our garden,www.thesanguineroot.com

When you plant Red Lobelia, you are also planting a hummingbird. Right in your garden. In front of your window. Your home can now become the Hummingbird’s home. In this picture above, you can see another red flower in the lower left corner. This is the Lonicera sempervirens, the Coral Honeysuckle, the other plant that Hummingbirds depend on.  The flowers are short-lived, but highly productive for the hummingbirds, regenerating frequently and providing them copious amounts much needed nectar. When you watch the movie, try to pay attention to these background flowers as they bloom and re-bloom throughout the three-minute summer.

Before the film begins, we want to bring up two thoughts to take home with you, as the summer of 2013 winds down in these last weeks:

Our impressions of the Lobelia plant are most viscerally associated with its impressionable and surprising vivid red color, a lively, vivacious red, one of which has captured our imaginations, and has also impressed upon us  the season of its appearance, the temporal provenance of its bloom, this association with time and color we have found to cherish, a discovery of nature that has enriched our sensibilities about the local ecosystems in our midst, our true provenance in space, of the land we inhabit, our own yard.

In the natural world, the bloom of the Lobelia cardinalis is time specific and location specific. Like a key that fits into only one kind of lock, so is this plant.

In garden conditions, around our homes and neighborhoods, try it and see if it grows and blooms, because it may thrive, like it does in our own artificial built environment. If it thrives it will re-seed itself, it will attract and provide nectar for hummingbirds, and it will provide you with that red color , which is unmatched and un-attainable elsewhere and in no other time.

And the second take-home thought before the film begins: The next picture below was taken just last week, on Labor -Day weekend at Susquehanna State Park in Maryland. Here, the Red Lobelia is growing and blooming in nature, as it does and has been for millennia, a true piece of America, a plant in its place and time. Here is the key to the season’s presence, its unique place and time, as the plant blooms, it is unlocking the season before our eyes, unlocking the nectar so required by its associated partnered-species, such as the Ruby-Throated Hummingbird, a species that only lives in North and South America, and would be quickly extinct without the associated partner plants such as the Lobelia cardinalis, which so depends on the Hummingbird for its own survival: The Lobelia needs the Hummingbird to gather its pollen, inadvertently so, but true nonetheless, and spread it to other Lobelia plants to gain that ever so ubiquitous and necessary genetic diversity required for fertility.

Part of this second meditation concerning the habitats of both species is the issue of hummingbird feeders: our plant approach has so far attracted and retained hummingbirds, and we wonder if having feeders would be an improvement. We welcome your thoughts on this subject.

And lastly, as we admire the stunning beauty of this glaringly red and quintessentially American flower, in full bloom and at the top of its glory along the Susquehanna River in Maryland, we are  at peace with the fact that this plant is uniquely bounded to its bird, like the one key of genetic provenance that fits the temporally significant lock of genetic evolution.  This plant and this bird have been together for so long it is hard to imagine one without the other.  Hummingbirds are only present in the Americas and no where else on earth, as is the native range of this plant, the Lobelia cardinalis.

This sense of place, here on the river’s edge, along the Lower Susquehanna, in our routine, our rhythm, perhaps even a tradition, we place ourselves here amidst the blooming Red Lobelias.

 

IMG_0314

Red Lobelia in our Garden, www.thesanguineroot.com
Red Lobelia in our Garden, www.thesanguineroot.com

Enjoy the Movie!

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

Summer has matured elegantly along the lower Susquehanna River in Maryland. We are greeted with the rich, sweet, aromatic fermentation of the Paw-Paw fruit that has dropped to the ground, along with the pleasant sight of the Paw-Paw trees laden with their large bountiful fruits.

Great Blue herons taking their afternoon rest along the colorful shores, bright with blooming  yellow sunflowers and Red Lobelia.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

This is the place and time to watch birds and the flowering plants that ultimately sustain them interact with the mature season.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

We discovered  Sensitive Fern and Phlox, growing wild and blooming amidst the shade of Silver Maple and Sycamore.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

 

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

Joe- Pye weed was at the very end of its flowering cycle, and many specimens were already in seed.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

We found Carolina Elephant’s Foot blooming.( Elephantopus carolinianus).  

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

This plant, Elephantopus carolinianus, pictured above is endangered in Pennsylvania but is growing in abundance along the shore of this part of the Susquehanna River.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

The setting.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

New York Ironweed.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

Spicebush swallowtail.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

Reaching for the light below the Silver maples and the Sycamores.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

The summer is coming to its end. In these parts, last year, it was a very wet August, and this year a much drier one. The lobelia last year was of a robust size, and pictured growing out of the swelling Susquehanna.  This year the plant was reduced in size, with the river about ten feet away.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

The trail went along an old abandoned rail line for about a mile, and then it spun off by itself into a rich floodplain. We could smell the fruity aroma of the fermenting Paw-Paw, rotting into the forest floor. the 3/4 inch long dark brown seeds, about ten to fifteen per 4 inch fruit are considered hydrophyllic, which means they need to stay moist in order to remain viable and have a chance of sprouting.  If they dry out for a few days, they will most likely not sprout.  The juicy fruits slowly decay on the forest floor, keeping the seeds moist until the next rain, or until the leaves from the dense silver maples or the tall white oaks and Sycamores lose their leaves, covering the decayed fruits and helping them retain their moisture. The cover of leaves will bring them through the winter where the seeds undergo another necessary condition for sprouting, which is a prolonged period of cold temperature called cold stratification.

Many of the plants growing before our eyes require winter to survive as a species.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

The Red Lobelia requires hummingbirds to visit them and deliver pollen from another Lobelia plant in order to produce fertile seeds.  The Paw-Paw tree also requires pollen from a distinctly different population of trees in order to produce fruit and viable seed.  Many groupings of Paw-Paw trees found in the woods are actually one plant that has spread from rhizomes, and the trees are self-sterile, which means an individual specimen of this species cannot pollinate itself.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

The hummingbirds are dependant upon the Lobelia for its life-sustaining nectar, as the lobelia depends on the bird for its ability to produce viable seed and reproduce. With many of the species of plants we have studied, genetic diversity is a consistent theme, as well as genetic provenance.

When we see these plants and their associated birds, watching them interact from our widow into the garden, or from the riparian wild of the Lower Susquehanna, the face of these two species become interconnected; one cannot be without the other, so to see the Lobelia is to see the Hummingbird, and to understand these two species as a recognizable component of this ecosystem is an achievement.

 

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

 

This awareness is a satisfying part of our afternoon walk.  In this field of learning and education, every species has something to tell us.  Not every seed of the Paw-Paw tree survives. Many dry up and return to the soil as organic matter, ready for the next iteration of life.

The Lobelia seed will require the wind and the flow of water to travel to the next suitable destination to be possibly sprouted.  The thousands of tiny seeds are of no interest to birds. The seeds must travel for the species to survive, because the plants require that genetic diversity.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

In this above photograph, which appears as a pool of life, there is a flow from one place to another, as the pool is indeed an ancient river, and  what is also depicted is a timeless quality: The species and rocks are older than we can comprehend displayed in a morphology that spans a scope of millions of years.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

Thinking about species and geology out in the field on this late summer day, while the remnants of a hurricane begin to pass over us, the humidity stifling, we find ourselves in a distinct time and place in the history of the earth.  Looking into the color and stature of any plant, there is a story to tell; one that unlocks the mysteries of the universe, each one can tell a story of fabulous chemistry and startling physics, an impressive biological tale that most likely spreads over astounding geographical regions and often within the stories to be told among the vast collection of knowledge classified as the study of botany, there are continental variations on the same species or family originating from Pangea.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

The rocks in the above picture have existed for millenia, however their forms have been changed drastically as they have been eroded down to these stubs from the flow of water past them. However the form that they are in presently will most likely remain for a very long time after the individual specimens of ducks also pictured above will last. A difficult question to ask now, but most pressing is whether the species of ducks will be around the day these rocks have weathered away?

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

Above, we reveal the timeless,bountiful and grand wilderness to you as someplace that is as accessible and familiar as the I-95 corridor between Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington D.C., it’s bridge pictured above. This is the bridge near the Maryland toll booths, just north of Havre de Grace.  This bridge is a link between some of the most densely populated  regions in North America, an infrastructural component of the human ecosphere. We rode over this bridge on the way to this magnificent site and we both looked out the window in anticipation of our arrival:  This is the place, our destination.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

So then, with all of these thoughts of species, time and geology, the spectacular vision of nature outlined before us all as we sit humbled and pensive, our minds in a wonderous state just pondering this magnificent world we have stumbled upon and have realized is before our senses;  this world, like the ripe fruit of the Paw-Paw tree, a sweet and complex tasting world, like the fact that each grouping of Paw-Paw trees has a different tasting fruit, much like that of the well established provenance of wine regions, there is a world before us that is sweet and is fermenting, full of distinctions and subtleties, a world that relies on diversity and survives on a rough regimen of loss where the dead are ultimately the soil we survive on: now on comprehending our own species, we are best to contemplate these thoughts in the comfort of your own favorite natural area and be rest assured that we will end up in a beautiful place.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

American Elms (Ulmus americana) grow out of the rivers edge.

Comprehending our own species, passing over that bridge on the superhighway from city to city, or studying and conserving the natural area known as Susquehanna State Park, Maryland,  appreciating the beauty of the other species and understanding that there is a complexity of interactions that needs lifetimes of study and comprehension to fully realize the whole or something resembling a whole, right beside our daily needs and consumption, our species exists. We can study and comprehend the Lobelia, the Hummingbirds and the Paw-Paw tree, just a few, as a species, and we can destroy the habitats of these other species in a flash. Like the rest of nature, our species is diverse and volatile. However, now that we can comprehend this world with such panoramic sensibilities, our species evolution is imminent and most certainly dependent on the fate of our many and crucial neighboring species.  Which plant and animal do we most depend on?

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

(Arisaema triphyllum) , Jack -In-Pulpit. The bright red fruits of this woodland herbaceous wildflower are a common occurrence on the forest floor.

There is nothing more instructive than to visit a 300 million year old layer of shale in Pennsylvania’s Susquehanna River watershed that has been exposed to the earth’s surface, find a loose chunk of the rock and whack it with a hammer just enough to loosen it, and then pull it apart to find a fern fossil inside.

Considering that The Susquehanna is in danger from contamination in the current frenzy of natural gas drilling, we must pause as a species to reflect on our evolutionary record: Compared to the species that survive the long haul, how do we quantify and examine the necessary adaptations in a way that can give us an innate understanding of what is required? How does polluting our rivers give us an advantage, especially when so many individual and collections of specimens of our species speak out and organize against this? What do we need to do to really adapt to maintain our survival and not destroy other species? Humans are most certainly no ferns on this matter.

The rocks are packed with facts about species and life and death on earth.  With the drastic changes made to the habitats that support our species, we must pause before the hard evidence below our feet before we consider our fate.

SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND
SUSQUEHANNA STATE PARK, MARYLAND

The ripe fruits of the Paw-Paw trees, so heavy they pull the trees closer to the earth, and so richly aromatic in a ripe and full forest.

The end of summer has arrived.